Tipping in Beijing

I am posting this question because when I visit the place for the first time, I don't want to rely on my sense of generosity. I hope locals of Beijing and VTers who have been to Beijing would be able to advice me on this one: How much is an average tip in Beijing for the following:

a) taxi driver for a ride
b) driver for an entire day
c) waiter/waitress
d) one who brings your luggage in the room
e) massage
f) pedicure/manicure

Thank you!